Tag Archives: statistics

Conference thoughts #2: Chairs, earn your ticket!

There are good chairs and bad. Surprisingly (or not, this is academia, after all..) there’s little guidance. I’ve put together a list:

  1. Start as you mean to go on. Remind speakers to keep to time (see next point) and encourage questions from all attendees (see point 3)
  2. Control time with an iron fist – and let speakers know in advance that you plan to. Letting the big old dogs in your field ramble on at the expense of others’ time is unfair to younger researchers. Introducing yourelf to speakers early on email is a great place to mention this and it also kicks the relationship off well
  3. Do you want to create a lively, inclusive spirit of debate? If so, lead the way –
  4. Do your homework. Simply reading the speaker’s title and name from their slide is disrespectful (how would you feel?)
  5. Take responsibility for the sound. You are probably nearest the speaker stage, so if the sound is muffled, or inaudible to you then others will be really stuggling. if a mic has been turned off, or not clipped on, step in, apologise, and rectify it.
  6. Pay attention during every talk, not just the ones your mate’s giving. This is because you need to…
  7. …. make sure you have a reserve question for every speaker, in case there aren’t any. This is especially true for students, who will have put in a lot of work and stress to give yheir first international presentation.
  8. You are the chair. Police the questioning accordingly. If the same people are crowding other, junior, less confident questioners out, simply pass over them or gently but firmly make sure they wrap up. Make sure all questions can be heard, clearly, by the audience.
  9. Stay impartial. It may be more useful to imagine yourself an editor, not contributor, to the debate.
  10. If a debate turns toxic, cut that shit out.
  11. Finish by thanking all speakers and the audience.

Safety and immunogenicity of novel recombinant BCG and modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccines in neonate rhesus macaques.

J Virol. 2010 Aug;84(15):7815-21. Epub 2010 May 19.
Rosario M, Fulkerson J, Soneji S, Parker J, Im EJ, Borthwick N, Bridgeman A, Bourne C, Joseph J, Sadoff JC, Hanke T

Although major inroads into making antiretroviral therapy available in resource-poor countries have been made, there is an urgent need for an effective vaccine administered shortly after birth, which would protect infants from acquiring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through breast-feeding. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is given to most infants at birth, and its recombinant form could be used to prime HIV-1-specific responses for a later boost by heterologous vectors delivering the same HIV-1-derived immunogen. Here, two groups of neonate Indian rhesus macaques were immunized with either novel candidate vaccine BCG.HIVA(401) or its parental strain AERAS-401, followed by two doses of recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara MVA.HIVA. The HIVA immunogen is derived from African clade A HIV-1. All vaccines were safe, giving local reactions consistent with the expected response at the injection site. No systemic adverse events or gross abnormality was seen at necropsy. Both AERAS-401 and BCG.HIVA(401) induced high frequencies of BCG-specific IFN-gamma-secreting lymphocytes that declined over 23 weeks, but the latter failed to induce detectable HIV-1-specific IFN-gamma responses. MVA.HIVA elicited HIV-1-specific IFN-gamma responses in all eight animals, but, except for one animal, these responses were weak. The HIV-1-specific responses induced in infants were lower compared to historic data generated by the two HIVA vaccines in adult animals but similar to other recombinant poxviruses tested in this model. This is the first time these vaccines were tested in newborn monkeys. These results inform further infant vaccine development and provide comparative data for two human infant vaccine trials of MVA.HIVA.